Fishery & Animal Resources          

1. FISHERIES

2. ANIMAL RESOURCE  DEVELOPMENT

FISHERIES

            Fish is an important source of protein, vitamins & several minerals.
 

 FISHERY RESOURCES OF THE DISTRICT

          Water resources of Angul district comprises of tanks, ponds and reservoirs. The block wise fishery resources available in the district are given below:

(a)          Tanks
 

 (b)          Reservoirs

Fishermen Co-operatives

         There are 6 nos. of working Primary Fisherman Co-operative societies, which exploit the big water bodies like Reservoirs, Rivers and Large G.P. Tanks. The details of the societies are given below.

Fish Farmers Development Agency(FFDA)

          Fish Farmers Development Agency, Angul plays an important role in the development of inland pisciculture. It also imparts training to fish farmers in modern pisciculture techniques. So far 2238.93 ha. Of area has developed by F.F.D.A., Angul by excavation of new tanks and renovation of old tanks. It prepares plan and estimate  for excavation and renovation of tanks. The proposals are sent to Financing Institutions. Subsidy is available for development of water areas as given below: 

           Subsidy for fresh water seed hatchery at the rate of 10% with maximum ceiling of   Rs. 80,000/- in plain area and Rs. 1,20,000/- in hilly areas is available only for entrepreneurs.

          The subsidy is also available for those cases developed through own source by the fish farmer without the help of Financing Institutions.

          Now fresh water prawn culture has been started. Prawn can be cultured along with other I.M.C. ( Catla, Rohu, Mrigal). This culture fetches a good return to the fish farmers. 

Spawn, Fry (Fish Seed) and fish production

        In order to boost up the fish production the supply of quality fish seed is very important which ultimately depends on production of quality spawn. Spawn is produced by departmental fish farms as well as by the private fish farmers. During the year 2002-2003, 151.00 lakh & 220.00 lakh spawns were produced by departmental fish farms and private producers respectively. Total 281.00 lakh of spawn were stocked in Angul district. The following quantities of fries (fish seed) were stocked in the district.

 The fish production from the different resources is as follows:

             Fisheries Extension Officers have been posted at block level to guide the fish farmers.

ANIMAL RESOURCES  DEVELOPMENT

     Animal husbandry is one of the oldest occupations known to mankind. Man learnt to domesticate animals as back as  12,000 B.C. As per the 2001 livestock census the cattle population of the district is 5,72,619 , out of which 5,30,867 are indigenous and 41,752 are  crossbred animals. The Buffalo population is   43,616. The  entire buffalo is of  indigenous type. The sheep, goat, pig, poultry population are 63,951; 2,38,663; 3047; and 3,63,830 as per 2001 Livestock census. The sheep available are mostly of local non descript type. Goats are reared mostly in hilly areas. Sheep and goats are reared for motton purpose. The tribal people of the district mostly rear pigs. Sheep and goat rearing is  being encouraged under anti-poverty programmes like SGSY.

Animal health care in Govt. Sector:

          There are 2 veterinary hospitals, 2 key village blocks, 14 dispensaries and 79 livestock aid centers for treatment of the animals. The CDVO and his field officers namely the SDVOs, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Livestock Inspectors are responsible for veterinary services in the district.         

Poultry

          The improved fowl account for 20% of the total population. Most of the boiler farms are small to medium size (200 to 3000 birds/ units). There are about 475 broiler farmers with an estimated turnover of 47,500 broiler chick per fortnight in the district. The broiler sector has been showing regular grown, as there is quick   return on investment.

          State Poultry Breeding and Research Farm was established in Angul in the year 1942 with an aim to maintain quality layer breeds, hatching of layer eggs and production of layer chicks. Presently there is no replacement stock in the poultry farm.

Fodder Development: 

          A fodder farm was been started in Panchamahala near Angul in the year 1971. Since then the farm is producing   fodder seeds and roots. Now the farm is producing both fodder seeds and pasture seeds. However, the production of both fodder and seeds is on decline. Fodder minikits are distributed to the farmers for encouraging fodder cultivation. 750 no. of fodder minikits has been distributed during 2002-2003.

Diary Development 

          Angul district comes in the operation area of Dhenkanal District Co-operative Milk Producers  Union Ltd. It started functioning in the year 1981 to provide marketing support to the rural milk producers. The milk union is procuring milk from 4 blocks namely Chhendipada, Kishroenagar, Athamallik and Angul. Angul – Bagedia milk route covers Angul and Chhendipada blocks and Angul- Athamallik milk route covers Angul, Kishroenagar and Athamallik Blocks. There is a milk chilling plant at Angul having capacity of 2000 LPD and  a Milk Bulk Cooler at Athamallik of 1200 LPD capacity. 68 Milk Producer Cooperative Societies has been organized with the 4590 members( Male 1505 and female 3085). However , 37 MPCS are now functional. The average procurement of milk is 850 liters per day. However, Angul has a big market where approximately 6000 liters of milk is marketed everyday. Hence there is tremendous scope for diary development in Angul district. DRDA, Banks and Animal Husbandry Department should make coordinated efforts for increasing milk production in the district.         

Government of India has sanctioned an  Integraed Dairy Development project of Rs. 259.76 lacs for the district. The project is spread over 3 years i.e 2002-2003 to 2005-2006. This project proposes to organize 60 societies   and supply of  1200 milk cows. There is proposal to install 2 nos. of milk bulk coolers at Chhendipada and Pallahara, having 1000 LPD capacity each.         

Orissa Women Dairy Project is being implemented in the district by District Milk Union from the year 1996-97 with financial assistance from Women & Child Development Department under STEP (Support for training & Employment Programme).

BREEDING

1.          Measures to improve quality of breeds

          In the pre independence days, our people had their own indigenous bulls in the herds which were genetically very poor. Due to religious stigma and orthodox belief the male calves born with physical deformities were transformed to bulls and the bulls used to propagate genetically inferior progenies with diminishing productivity from generation to generation. Of course the villagers did not mind much for this since cattle were then reared more for manure than for milk.       

Utkal Gomangala Samiti came into being in 1935 and started supplying Haryana Red Sindhi bulls in different parts of state to upgrade the local stock. During early plan period, Artificial Insemination was also introduced with Hariyana Red Sindhi Semen. At the initial stage, there was   resentment among farmers to accept these breeds with the apprehension  that the progenies of the massive breeds of bulls would be large enough to be born in wombs of the indigenous cows. But gradually some of the affluent and knowledgeable farmers accepted the upgrading  programme and got graded progenies which subsequently become good milk cows and draught bullocks. This subsequently opened the eyes of the others and gradually our breeding programme gained popularity.         

During mid sixties exotic breeds of bulls like Jersey Holstein, Brown Swiss were introduced in the state with an aim to increase milk production by cross breeding and A.I. Lot of cross breed progenies was also produced. A.I. with Frozen Semen Technology started in the year 1978-79. The cross breed female progenies born out of A.I. developed into cows at a very early age yielding 10 to 20 liters of milk per day with good management practices. Gradually dairy farming with cross bred cows become popular and a  gainful self employment venture and A.I. programme with exotic and C.B. Semen gained state wise popularity. The farmers are accepted our breeding policy and there is a rising trend in progress of Artificial Insemination year by year.11027 Ais were done through 57 AI centers during 2002-03.

DISEASE CONTROL 

          Village in the past had superstitious belief that diseases are caused due to wroth of some Goddess. They were rather scared to get their diseased animals treated with medicines lest they might incure the displeasure of the particular Goddess. They used to worship the Goddess as ritual for control of the epidemics in villages. This is reason why there was large scale mortality of animals in face of out breaks of R.P., H.S. BQ and Anthrax etc. For curing Foot and mouth disease, the villages used to move their herd of cattle on mud and sand which at times instead of effecting a cure, caused gangrene of foot and sloughing off hoofs.         

There has been dramatic change in the attitude of the cattle owner so far as their responsibilities in the control of epidemics in their area is concerned. Farmers are now aware of the fact that timely preventive inoculation of animals with vaccine for a particular diseases prevents the occurrence of that particular disease and there is great demand for vaccination of animals against the common contagious disease especially in epidemic zone and flood prone area. Now a days out break of epidemics of diseases of livestock poultry are controlled more effectively and successfully through inoculation. 

Achievement of Angul District.

I.       No. of Vaccination done (2002-03)

(i)      H.S.V.                     :                  129539

(ii)     BQV                      :                  89408

(iii)   ASV(Anthrax)          :                 1000

(iv)    FMD                       :                  51450

(v)     ARV                       :                  63

(vi)    RDV                       :                  1200

II.      No.of cases treated     :          127005

III.     No.of castration done:           10,609

Employment Generation through A.H. scheme by Government sponsored programme. 

Private farms